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 Synchronous operation of electrical and gas systems for resilience testing

Increasing interdependence between gas-fired power plants and electricity and gas systems powered by gas compressors These interdependencies need to be studied in detail, especially given the increasing share of renewable energy sources. This article assesses the value of an integrated approach to the operation of gas and electricity systems. An outer equality relaxation (OA / ER) approach is used to approach the optimization class of a mixed integer nonlinear problem for simultaneous operation of gas and power systems. This approach significantly improved the efficiency of the solution algorithm and reduced the computation time by about 40% compared to sequential linear programming. The value of flexible technologies incorporating flexible gas compressors, demand response, battery storage and gas performance in the integrated operation of gas and power systems is quantified in the GB 2030 energy scenarios at different levels of renewable generation expansion. Modeling has shown that flexibility provides significant cost savings (up to 21%) in the annual operating costs of gas and electricity systems. On the other hand, the analysis shows that the use of resilience technologies substantially supports the interaction between gas and energy systems.

1. Introduction

The share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the structure of electricity generation in the UK is increasing significantly to meet carbon offset targets (National Grid Plc, 2016). The gas plant will help address variability in renewable energy generation by enhancing the interaction between gas and power systems and the challenges associated with gas storage and pipeline management in gas transmission systems. Therefore, the operation of gas and electricity systems as an integrated energy system is becoming increasingly important.

Battery storage, demand-side response (DSR), gas-to-gas (P2G) power, and flexible compressors can improve the system flexibility needed to match more cost-effective power and demand. In addition, several of these options may be involved in the provision of additional services, including reservation and frequency control (Kadardan et al., 2017b). Battery storage makes it easier to integrate wind into the grid, controlling shifts in peak power plants such as gas power plants. The use of DSR helps to better manage the variability of renewable energy sources as the energy consumption can be transferred as a virtual power plant (Ameli et al., 2017a, b) Furthermore, P2G The technology uses renewable energy surplus to produce hydrogen through injected electrolyzers stored stored in gas systems or in facilities. The hydrogen can then be delivered to demand centers or combined cycle gas turbines (CCGTs) to produce carbon-free electricity. Flexible gas compressors in gas systems improve gas supply to demand centers by changing the direction of gas flow. Several studies, such as Troy et al. (2012) and Pudzianto et al. (2014) assessed the role of resilience options in the context of power balancing challenges for renewables.